雅思写作Task 1中的线性图（Line Graph）是高频题型之一，要求考生在20分钟内完成150字以上的数据分析报告，本文提供一套高效模板，帮助考生快速组织语言，精准描述趋势，同时符合雅思评分标准（TR/CC/LR/GRA）。
线性图写作核心结构
雅思官方评分标准强调逻辑清晰和数据准确，因此推荐采用四段式结构：
引言段（Introduction）
- 改写题目：用同义替换避免照抄题干。 趋势**：用1句话概括整体变化（如上升、波动、两极分化）。
例句：
The line graph illustrates changes in the proportion of renewable energy used in five European countries between 1990 and 2020. Overall, most nations experienced significant growth in clean energy adoption, though at varying rates.
主体段1（Main Body 1）
- 聚焦最高/最低值：优先描述起点、终点或极值。
- 对比差异：使用比较级或连接词（while, whereas）突出关键区别。
例句：
In 1990, Sweden had the highest renewable energy usage at 15%, nearly triple that of Germany (5%). Over the next decade, Sweden's figures surged to 35%, whereas Germany's growth remained steady at around 8%.
主体段2（Main Body 2）
- 分析交叉点或转折：关注趋势变化的时间节点。
- 量化增幅/降幅：用百分比或倍数精确表达波动。
例句：
After 2010, Denmark overtook Sweden with a sharp rise from 20% to 50% by 2020. In contrast, France's growth plateaued after reaching 25% in 2015.
可选概述段（Overview）
- 总结核心特征：避免重复数据，提炼2-3个核心趋势。
例句：
To summarise, Scandinavian countries dominated renewable energy adoption, while Central European nations progressed more gradually.
高分表达与替换词库
趋势动词分层使用
| 强度 | 上升 | 下降 | 波动 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 剧烈变化 | surge, rocket | plummet, collapse | fluctuate wildly |
| 适度变化 | climb, rise | decline, dip | oscillate |
| 缓慢变化 | inch up, edge up | slide, taper off | remain stable |
数据衔接技巧
- 时间状语：By 2005, From 1990 onwards, Over the final decade
- 幅度修饰：
- slightly (1-10%) / moderately (10-30%) / dramatically (50%+)
- a threefold increase, halved, peaked at 75%
避免重复的替换方案
- 上升：increase → growth, upward trend, escalation
- 下降：decrease → reduction, downturn, shrinkage
- 占据：account for → represent, comprise, make up
常见错误与修正案例
错误1：机械罗列数据
原句：In 2000, it was 10%. In 2005, it was 15%. In 2010, it was 20%.
修正：The figures showed consistent growth, rising from 10% in 2000 to 20% in 2010 with an annual increase of approximately 2%.
错误2：过度使用“increase/decrease”
原句：The number increased from 20% to 30%, then increased to 40%.
修正：After climbing from 20% to 30%, the figure surged further to 40%.
错误3：时态混乱
原句：In 2020, the rate is 50%.（应用过去时）
修正：In 2020, the rate reached 50%.
真题范文解析
The graph below shows electricity production from different sources in the UK from 1990 to 2010.
范文节选：
Between 1990 and 2000, coal remained the primary energy source, generating around 50% of total electricity. However, its dominance gradually waned as natural gas usage skyrocketed from a mere 10% to 35% by 2010. Meanwhile, renewables like wind and solar, though starting at negligible levels, tripled their share by the end of the period.
得分点分析：
- 时态准确（过去时+时间状语）
- 数据对比（remained, waned, skyrocketed）
- 倍数表达（tripled）
备考建议
- 限时训练：用5分钟分析图表，15分钟写作，确保完成度。
- 精读官方范文：研究剑桥雅思真题中7分+范文的衔接逻辑。
- 数据敏感度：多练习估算百分比和倍数关系，避免计算错误。
线性图写作的本质是用语言还原数据关系，掌握这套模板后，考生可将更多精力投入趋势分析和语言优化，而非纠结结构，雅思写作并非考察专业统计能力,而是检验信息转述的准确性与流畅度。
