四级选词填空是英语四级考试中的重要题型,考查词汇理解、上下文逻辑和语法搭配能力,掌握高频单词能大幅提升答题速度和准确率,以下整理四级选词填空常见词汇,帮助考生高效备考。
高频动词
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affect (v.) 影响
- 例句:Climate change may affect global food production.
- 辨析:易混淆词 effect (n.) 效果,impact (v./n.) 冲击。
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maintain (v.) 维持;坚持
- 例句:Governments must maintain social stability.
- 搭配:maintain a balance(保持平衡)。
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reveal (v.) 揭示
- 例句:The study revealed a link between sleep and memory.
- 近义词:disclose, expose。
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adapt (v.) 适应
- 例句:Animals adapt to environmental changes.
- 派生词:adaptation (n.) 适应。
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estimate (v.) 估计
- 例句:Experts estimate the cost at $1 million.
- 注意:与 evaluate(评估)区分。
高频名词
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evidence (n.) 证据
- 例句:There is strong evidence supporting this theory.
- 搭配:collect evidence(收集证据)。
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impact (n.) 影响
- 例句:The new policy had a significant impact on the economy.
- 近义词:influence, effect。
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potential (n.) 潜力
- 例句:The technology has great potential for medical use.
- 搭配:realize one’s potential(发挥潜力)。
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source (n.) 来源
- 例句:Solar energy is a renewable source of power.
- 辨析:resource(资源)。
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trend (n.) 趋势
- 例句:The trend towards remote work is growing.
- 搭配:follow the trend(跟随趋势)。
高频形容词
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significant (adj.) 重要的
- 例句:The discovery was significant for science.
- 近义词:important, crucial。
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available (adj.) 可用的
- 例句:Free Wi-Fi is available in the library.
- 反义词:unavailable。
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specific (adj.) 具体的
- 例句:Please provide specific examples.
- 辨析:particular(特定的)。
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complex (adj.) 复杂的
- 例句:The problem is more complex than it seems.
- 反义词:simple。
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essential (adj.) 必要的
- 例句:Water is essential for life.
- 近义词:vital, critical。
高频副词
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gradually (adv.) 逐渐地
- 例句:The temperature gradually increased.
- 近义词:slowly, progressively。
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particularly (adv.) 尤其
- 例句:This rule is particularly important for beginners.
- 辨析:especially(特别地)。
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constantly (adv.) 不断地
- 例句:Technology is constantly evolving.
- 搭配:constantly changing(持续变化)。
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eventually (adv.)
- 例句:After years of effort, he eventually succeeded.
- 近义词:finally。
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previously (adv.) 先前
- 例句:The method was previously considered ineffective.
- 辨析:formerly(从前)。
解题技巧
- 词性判断:先确定空格处所需词性(动词、名词、形容词等),缩小选择范围。
- 上下文逻辑:注意句子间的转折(but/however)、因果(because/therefore)关系。
- 固定搭配:熟记常见短语,如 make a difference(有影响)、take measures(采取措施)。
- 排除法:优先排除明显不符的选项,提高正确率。
易混淆词对比
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accept vs. except
- accept (v.) 接受:She accepted the invitation.
- except (prep.) 除了:Everyone came except Tom.
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affect vs. effect
- affect (v.) 影响:Pollution affects health.
- effect (n.) 效果:The medicine had a positive effect.
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rise vs. raise
- rise (v.) 上升(不及物):The sun rises in the east.
- raise (v.) 举起(及物):He raised his hand.
个人观点
四级选词填空并非单纯考查词汇量,而是对语言综合运用能力的检验,建议考生结合真题练习,分析错题原因,逐步提升语感,词汇记忆时,优先掌握高频词的核心用法,避免死记硬背。