数字在英语中有多种表达方式,具体使用哪一种取决于语境,无论是基数词、序数词、分数、小数,还是大数字的读法,掌握正确的表达方式对英语学习者和日常交流都很重要,本文将详细介绍数目的英文单词写法,帮助读者准确使用。
基数词(Cardinal Numbers)
基数词表示数量,是最基础的数字表达方式,以下是1到20的英文单词:
- 1: one
- 2: two
- 3: three
- 4: four
- 5: five
- 6: six
- 7: seven
- 8: eight
- 9: nine
- 10: ten
- 11: eleven
- 12: twelve
- 13: thirteen
- 14: fourteen
- 15: fifteen
- 16: sixteen
- 17: seventeen
- 18: eighteen
- 19: nineteen
- 20: twenty
从21开始,十位数和个位数之间用连字符连接:
- 21: twenty-one
- 32: thirty-two
- 45: forty-five
- 99: ninety-nine
百位数以上的表达方式:
- 100: one hundred
- 101: one hundred and one(英式英语) / one hundred one(美式英语)
- 1,000: one thousand
- 1,001: one thousand and one / one thousand one
- 10,000: ten thousand
- 100,000: one hundred thousand
- 1,000,000: one million
序数词(Ordinal Numbers)
序数词表示顺序,通常在基数词后加“-th”,但部分数字有特殊变化:
- 1st: first
- 2nd: second
- 3rd: third
- 4th: fourth
- 5th: fifth
- 6th: sixth
- 7th: seventh
- 8th: eighth
- 9th: ninth
- 10th: tenth
- 11th: eleventh
- 12th: twelfth
- 13th: thirteenth
- 20th: twentieth
- 21st: twenty-first
- 30th: thirtieth
- 100th: one hundredth
分数(Fractions)
分数的表达方式是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,如果分子大于1,分母要加“s”:
- 1/2: one half
- 1/3: one third
- 2/3: two thirds
- 1/4: one quarter / one fourth
- 3/4: three quarters / three fourths
- 1/5: one fifth
- 4/5: four fifths
小数(Decimals)
小数点的英文是“point”,小数点后的数字逐个读:
- 5: zero point five
- 14: three point one four
- 75: ten point seven five
大数字的读法
英语中的大数字以三位数为单位划分,从右往左依次是:thousand(千)、million(百万)、billion(十亿)、trillion(万亿)。
- 1,234: one thousand two hundred and thirty-four
- 12,345: twelve thousand three hundred and forty-five
- 123,456: one hundred twenty-three thousand four hundred fifty-six
- 1,234,567: one million two hundred thirty-four thousand five hundred sixty-seven
电话号码的读法
电话号码通常逐个数字读,连续相同的数字可以读作“double”或“triple”:
- 555-1234: five five five, one two three four
- 022-3344: zero two two, double three double four
年份的读法
年份通常分成两部分读:
- 1999: nineteen ninety-nine
- 2000: two thousand
- 2005: two thousand and five
- 2023: twenty twenty-three
时间的表达
时间可以用12小时制或24小时制表达:
- 3:00: three o’clock
- 3:15: three fifteen / a quarter past three
- 3:30: three thirty / half past three
- 3:45: three forty-five / a quarter to four
- 15:00: fifteen hundred hours
货币的表达
货币的读法是“数字 + 货币单位”:
- $10: ten dollars
- £5.50: five pounds fifty
- ¥100: one hundred yuan
- €20.75: twenty euros seventy-five
常见错误
- 混淆“four”和“forty”:40的正确拼写是“forty”,不是“fourty”。
- 序数词后缀错误:如“fifth”不是“fiveth”,“ninth”不是“nineth”。
- 分数表达错误:如“two thirds”不能写成“two third”。
- 年份读法错误:如“2001”应读作“two thousand and one”,而不是“twenty oh one”。
练习与应用
要熟练掌握数目的英文表达,可以多做练习,
- 用英文写购物清单,标注价格。
- 朗读电话号码和日期。
- 用英文描述时间、年龄、数量等。
掌握数目的英文表达不仅能提升语言能力,还能避免日常交流中的误解,无论是学习、工作还是旅行,正确的数字表达都至关重要。
英语数字的表达方式虽然有一定规律,但部分单词需要特别记忆,多听、多读、多练习,才能在实际运用中更加自如。