基础社会概念词汇
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Society(社会):指由个体组成的群体,共享文化、制度和社会关系。
- 例句:Modern society faces challenges like inequality and climate change.
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Community(社区):通常指居住在同一地区或拥有共同兴趣的人群。
- 例句:The local community organized a charity event.
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Culture(文化):包括语言、信仰、习俗等社会共享的特征。
- 例句:Cultural exchange programs promote mutual understanding.
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Norms(规范):社会成员普遍接受的行为准则。
- 例句:Social norms vary across different societies.
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Values(价值观):社会或群体认为重要的原则或标准。
- 例句:Honesty and respect are core values in many cultures.
社会结构与群体
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Class(阶级):基于经济或社会地位划分的群体。
- 例句:The gap between the upper class and the working class is widening.
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Ethnicity(种族):基于共同文化、语言或历史的群体身份。
- 例句:Ethnicity plays a significant role in identity formation.
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Gender(性别):社会建构的男女角色差异。
- 例句:Gender equality is a global issue.
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Minority(少数群体):在人口或权力上处于劣势的群体。
- 例句:Laws protect the rights of minorities.
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Immigrant(移民):移居到新国家的人。
- 例句:Immigrants contribute to the economy and cultural diversity.
社会问题与现象
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Poverty(贫困):缺乏基本生活资源的状态。
- 例句:Poverty alleviation requires comprehensive policies.
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Discrimination(歧视):基于种族、性别等因素的不公平对待。
- 例句:Workplace discrimination is illegal in many countries.
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Globalization(全球化):国家间经济、文化、政治的相互联系。
- 例句:Globalization has both benefits and drawbacks.
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Urbanization(城市化):人口向城市集中的过程。
- 例句:Rapid urbanization leads to housing shortages.
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Sustainability(可持续性):满足当前需求而不损害未来世代的能力。
- 例句:Sustainable development balances economic growth and environmental protection.
社会制度与政策
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Democracy(民主):人民参与决策的政治制度。
- 例句:Democracy ensures citizens have a voice in governance.
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Welfare(福利):政府提供的社会保障服务。
- 例句:Public welfare programs support low-income families.
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Education(教育):知识、技能和价值观的传授过程。
- 例句:Access to quality education is a fundamental right.
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Healthcare(医疗保健):维护和改善健康的服务体系。
- 例句:Universal healthcare is a goal for many nations.
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Justice(正义):公平的法律和社会秩序。
- 例句:Social justice movements advocate for equal rights.
社会互动与行为
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Communication(沟通):信息交换的过程。
- 例句:Effective communication reduces misunderstandings.
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Cooperation(合作):共同完成目标的行为。
- 例句:International cooperation is essential to tackle climate change.
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Conflict(冲突):意见或利益的对立。
- 例句:Mediation helps resolve conflicts peacefully.
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Empathy(同理心):理解他人感受的能力。
- 例句:Empathy strengthens social bonds.
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Volunteerism(志愿服务):无偿为社会贡献时间或技能。
- 例句:Volunteerism fosters community spirit.
科技与社会
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Digital divide(数字鸿沟):技术获取的不平等。
- 例句:Bridging the digital divide is crucial for inclusive growth.
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Social media(社交媒体):在线互动和信息分享平台。
- 例句:Social media influences public opinion and social movements.
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Privacy(隐私):个人信息的保护。
- 例句:Data privacy laws regulate how companies handle user information.
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Automation(自动化):技术替代人力的过程。
- 例句:Automation impacts employment patterns in many industries.
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Artificial intelligence(人工智能):模拟人类智能的机器系统。
- 例句:AI raises ethical questions about its role in society.