在全球化的商业环境中,工厂内的商务英语交流变得越来越重要，无论是与外国客户沟通、处理订单，还是管理供应链，掌握相关英语词汇能大幅提升工作效率，本文整理了工厂场景中常用的商务英语单词及短语，帮助从业者快速提升专业沟通能力。
生产与制造相关词汇
- Production Line (生产线) – 指工厂中按顺序完成产品制造的设备与工人组合。
- Example: The new production line has increased efficiency by 20%.
- Assembly (组装) – 将零部件组合成完整产品的过程。
- Example: The assembly process takes approximately two hours per unit.
- Quality Control (QC, 质量控制) – 确保产品符合标准的检查流程。
- Example: All products must pass strict quality control before shipment.
- Defect (缺陷) – 产品不符合质量标准的部分。
- Example: The inspector found a minor defect in the paint finish.
- Batch (批次) – 同一时间生产的一批产品。
- Example: This batch of goods will be shipped to Europe next week.
设备与工具术语
- Machinery (机械设备) – 泛指工厂内的生产设备。
- Example: The factory invested in new machinery to improve output.
- CNC Machine (数控机床) – 计算机控制的精密加工设备。
- Example: The CNC machine ensures high precision in metal parts.
- Forklift (叉车) – 用于搬运货物的工业车辆。
- Example: The forklift operator is responsible for moving pallets safely.
- Mold (模具) – 用于塑形产品的工具。
- Example: The plastic injection mold needs regular maintenance.
- Calibration (校准) – 调整设备以确保准确度。
- Example: The technician is performing calibration on the weighing scales.
供应链与物流词汇
- Supply Chain (供应链) – 从原材料到成品的整个物流与生产网络。
- Example: A strong supply chain ensures timely delivery of raw materials.
- Lead Time (交货周期) – 从下单到收货的时间。
- Example: The standard lead time for this product is four weeks.
- Inventory (库存) – 工厂存储的原材料或成品。
- Example: The warehouse manager checks inventory levels daily.
- Logistics (物流) – 货物运输与配送的管理。
- Example: Efficient logistics reduce shipping costs significantly.
- Customs Clearance (清关) – 货物进出口时的海关手续。
- Example: Delays in customs clearance can affect delivery schedules.
订单与合同术语
- Purchase Order (PO, 采购订单) – 客户向供应商发出的正式购买文件。
- Example: Please confirm the PO number before processing the order.
- Invoice (发票) – 列明交易金额的账单。
- Example: The accounting department will issue the invoice upon shipment.
- MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity, 最小起订量) – 供应商要求的最低采购数量。
- Example: The MOQ for this item is 500 units.
- FOB (Free On Board, 离岸价) – 卖方负责将货物运至装运港的费用。
- Example: The price is quoted as FOB Shanghai.
- L/C (Letter of Credit, 信用证) – 银行担保的付款方式。
- Example: We prefer payment by L/C for international transactions.
安全与管理词汇
- OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 职业安全与健康管理) – 美国的工作场所安全标准。
- Example: The factory complies with OSHA regulations to ensure worker safety.
- PPE (Personal Protective Equipment, 个人防护装备) – 工人使用的安全装备，如手套、护目镜等。
- Example: All employees must wear PPE in the production area.
- Shift (班次) – 工厂的工作时间段，如早班、晚班。
- Example: The night shift starts at 10 PM and ends at 6 AM.
- Overtime (加班) – 超出正常工作时间的工作。
- Example: Workers receive double pay for overtime on weekends.
- Compliance (合规) – 符合行业或法律标准。
- Example: The factory undergoes regular compliance audits.
常见商务沟通短语
- "Could you provide a sample?" (能否提供样品？) – 客户常用来索取产品样本。
- "What’s the estimated delivery time?" (预计交货时间是？) – 询问订单交付周期。
- "We need to adjust the specifications." (我们需要调整规格。) – 讨论产品修改需求。
- "The shipment has been delayed." (货物已延迟。) – 通知客户物流延误。
- "Let’s schedule a video call." (安排一个视频会议吧。) – 提议远程会议讨论细节。
掌握这些词汇不仅能提升工厂内的沟通效率,还能增强与国际客户的谈判能力，熟练运用商务英语，让工厂运营更加顺畅。
