雅思写作考试中，Task 1（小作文）要求考生在20分钟内完成一篇至少150词的报告，描述图表、流程图或地图等数据，许多考生在备考时容易忽视小作文的固定句式，导致写作时逻辑混乱、表达重复，掌握一些核心句式，不仅能提升写作速度，还能让文章结构更清晰、语言更精准。
数据描述句式
1 开头段句式
小作文开头段通常需要改写题目信息，避免直接照抄，以下句式可以帮助考生快速完成改写：
- The graph/chart/table/diagram illustrates/shows/depicts/compares...
（例：The bar chart compares the percentage of male and female employees in three different industries in 2020.） - The data provides information about...
（例：The data provides information about the changes in global energy consumption from 1990 to 2020.）
2 概述段句式 段（Overview）是评分重点，需概括图表的主要趋势或显著特征：
- Overall, it is clear that...
（例：Overall, it is clear that the number of tourists visiting the country increased steadily over the 10-year period.） - In general, the most noticeable trend is...
（例：In general, the most noticeable trend is the sharp rise in online sales between 2015 and 2020.）
趋势描述句式
1 上升趋势
- There was a significant increase in...
（例：There was a significant increase in the number of students studying abroad from 2000 to 2010.） - ...rose sharply from...to...
（例：The price of oil rose sharply from $50 to $80 per barrel in just six months.）
2 下降趋势
- ...experienced a dramatic decline...
（例：The unemployment rate experienced a dramatic decline after the government introduced new policies.） - ...dropped steadily to...
（例：The percentage of smokers dropped steadily to 15% by the end of the decade.）
3 波动趋势
- ...fluctuated between...and...
（例：The exchange rate fluctuated between 1.2 and 1.5 dollars per euro during the year.） - ...showed considerable variation...
（例：The temperature showed considerable variation throughout the month.）
比较与对比句式
1 相同点
- Similarly, ...
（例：Similarly, the consumption of renewable energy also saw a rise during this period.） - Both...and...experienced...
（例：Both the UK and France experienced a decline in manufacturing output.）
2 不同点
- In contrast, ...
（例：In contrast, the number of public transport users decreased significantly.） - While...increased, ...decreased.
（例：While the use of coal decreased, the use of solar energy increased.）
数据引用句式
1 精确数据引用
- The figure reached a peak of...
（例：The figure reached a peak of 80% in 2015.） - ...accounted for...
（例：Renewable energy accounted for 20% of total energy production.）
2 比例与倍数关系
- ...was twice as high as...
（例：The sales of electric cars were twice as high as those of petrol cars in 2020.） - ...constituted approximately...
（例：Female employees constituted approximately 45% of the workforce.）
流程图与地图句式
1 流程图句式
- The process begins with...
（例：The process begins with the collection of raw materials.） - Following this, ...
（例：Following this, the materials are transported to the factory for processing.）
2 地图句式
- The most striking change is...
（例：The most striking change is the construction of a new residential area in the northern part of the town.） - ...has been replaced by...
（例：The industrial zone has been replaced by a shopping mall.）
高分技巧
1 避免重复表达
- 使用同义词替换，如“increase”可替换为“rise, grow, climb, surge”等。
- 避免过度使用“very”，改用更精准的形容词，如“dramatic, significant, considerable”。
2 合理使用连接词
- Additionally, ...（补充信息）
- However, ...（转折）
- As a result, ...（结果）
3 确保语法准确性
- 注意时态一致性，如过去数据用过去时，未来预测用将来时。
- 避免主谓不一致错误，如“The number of students are”应改为“The number of students is”。
雅思小作文的固定句式并非死记硬背，而是帮助考生快速构建逻辑框架的工具，熟练运用这些句式，结合具体数据灵活调整，才能在考试中高效完成一篇结构清晰、语言流畅的小作文。
