在托福独立写作中，让步段（Concession Paragraph）是提升论证深度和逻辑严密性的关键部分，合理运用让步段不仅能展示辩证思维，还能让文章更具说服力，本文将详细解析让步段的写作格式、常用句型及实战技巧，帮助考生在考试中高效运用。
让步段的核心作用
让步段的核心在于承认对立观点的合理性，同时强化自身立场，ETS评分标准明确要求考生展现“well-developed ideas”，而让步段正是体现这一能力的重要手段，通过适当认可反方观点，文章能避免绝对化表述，使论证更显客观。
增强逻辑严密性
直接反驳对立观点容易显得武断，讨论“远程学习是否优于传统课堂”时，若完全否定线下教学的优势，论证会显得片面，让步段可通过承认“面对面互动有助于即时反馈”，再转折强调“在线教育的灵活性更适合现代学生”，使观点更平衡。
展示批判性思维
考官期待考生能多角度分析问题，比如在“政府是否应资助艺术”的题目中，先承认“艺术投资可能挤占民生预算”，再通过数据或例子说明“文化产业的长期经济回报更高”，能体现深度思考。
让步段的经典结构
高分让步段通常遵循“承认对立观点→限制其适用性→重申己方立场”的三段式结构，以下为具体解析：
引入对立观点（1-2句）
使用让步连接词引出反方核心论点，避免直接攻击，推荐句型：
- While it is true that...（尽管……确实如此）
- Admittedly, some argue that...（诚然，有人认为……）
- Opponents may claim that...（反对者可能主张……）
例句：
Admittedly, traditional classrooms provide immediate teacher-student interaction, which facilitates quick problem-solving.
限制对立观点的有效性（2-3句）
通过对比、数据或假设削弱反方论点，常用策略：
- 指出例外情况：However, this only applies to...
- 强调更高优先级：What matters more is...
- 揭示潜在问题：This approach fails to consider...
例句：
However, such interaction is limited by fixed schedules and geographic constraints. In contrast, online platforms allow students to revisit lectures and submit questions asynchronously, accommodating diverse learning paces.
回归己方立场（1-2句）
用转折词强化核心观点，注意避免重复开头段的表述，推荐表达：
- Nevertheless,...
- On balance,...
- Ultimately,...
例句：
On balance, the flexibility of digital education outweighs the benefits of traditional settings in today’s fast-paced world.
高频话题让步段范例
范例1：科技类话题 Do technological devices improve communication?
Granted, excessive reliance on smartphones may reduce face-to-face interactions, leading to weaker emotional connections. Yet this concern stems from misuse rather than technology itself. When used intentionally—such as video calls bridging long-distance relationships—digital tools significantly enhance connectivity. Thus, the key lies in mindful usage, not outright rejection.
范例2：教育类话题 Should universities invest more in sports facilities?
Critics contend that diverting funds to athletics detracts from academic resources. While this could occur in poorly managed budgets, evidence shows that modern sports centers attract higher enrollment and foster student well-being. For instance, Harvard’s 2019 report linked campus recreation facilities to a 15% rise in applicant numbers. Therefore, strategic investment in sports can yield both educational and financial returns.
避免常见错误
-
让步过度：承认反方观点后未有效反驳，导致立场模糊。
错误示范：Although fossil fuels harm the environment, they are still widely used.（未说明为何清洁能源更优） -
逻辑断层：转折缺乏过渡，如直接从“承认A优点”跳到“B更好”而未比较。
修正方案：添加比较级短语（more sustainable/long-lasting）或具体数据。 -
语言重复：频繁使用but/however，可替换为that said, nonetheless, in spite of this。
个性化提升建议
- 结合具体例子：引用研究或新闻（如“Pew Research Center数据显示…”）增强说服力。
- 灵活调整位置：让步段可置于第二段（传统五段式）或倒数第二段（四段式）。
- 词汇升级：用skeptics, proponents替代some people，用undermine, counterbalance替代weaken。
托福写作的高分本质在于“有控制的复杂”，而让步段正是展现这种能力的绝佳工具，通过系统练习上述模板和策略,考生能在30分钟内构建出既严谨又有深度的论证框架。
