在英语中,“冷”这个概念可以通过多个单词表达,每个词都有细微差别,掌握这些词汇能帮助我们在不同场景中精准表达,无论是天气、情感还是物体温度。
Cold —— 最基础的“冷”
Cold 是最常见的表达,适用范围广,可以描述天气、物体温度或人的感受。
-
天气:
It's cold outside today.(今天外面很冷。)
Winter in Canada is extremely cold.(加拿大的冬天极其寒冷。) -
物体温度:
The water is too cold to swim.(水太冷了,不能游泳。)
This coffee has gone cold.(这杯咖啡已经凉了。) -
情感或态度:
She gave me a cold stare.(她冷冷地看了我一眼。)
His response was cold and unfriendly.(他的回应冷淡且不友好。)
Cold 也可以作为名词,表示“寒冷”或“感冒”:
I can’t stand the cold.(我受不了这种寒冷。)
She caught a cold last week.(她上周感冒了。)
Chilly —— 微冷,凉飕飕的
Chilly 比 cold 程度轻,通常指让人稍微不适的凉意,常用于天气或环境。
-
天气:
The morning air was chilly.(早晨的空气凉飕飕的。)
It's a bit chilly today; you might need a jacket.(今天有点凉,你可能需要外套。) -
环境或氛围:
The room felt chilly after the heater broke.(暖气坏了之后,房间变得很冷。)
His tone was chilly, making everyone uncomfortable.(他的语气冷淡,让所有人都不自在。)
Freezing / Frozen —— 极冷,冻僵
Freezing 强调极低的温度,接近冰点,甚至让人冻僵。
-
天气或温度:
It's freezing outside; the lake is covered in ice.(外面冷得要命,湖面都结冰了。)
My hands are freezing after being in the snow.(在雪地里待过后,我的手冻僵了。) -
物体状态:
The meat was frozen solid.(肉冻得硬邦邦的。)
The pipes burst because the water froze.(水管爆裂是因为水结冰了。)
Frozen 也可以形容人因寒冷或恐惧而僵硬:
She stood frozen in shock.(她震惊得僵在原地。)
Cool —— 凉爽,不冷不热
Cool 通常指令人舒适的低温,介于冷和暖之间。
-
天气:
The evening breeze was cool and refreshing.(晚风凉爽宜人。)
Autumn mornings are cool but pleasant.(秋天的早晨凉爽但舒适。) -
物体温度:
The drink is cool, just right for summer.(饮料很凉,夏天喝正好。)
The metal surface felt cool to the touch.(金属表面摸起来凉凉的。) -
态度或风格:
He remained cool under pressure.(他在压力下保持冷静。)
Her outfit looks really cool.(她的穿搭看起来很酷。)
Frigid —— 严寒,极度冰冷
Frigid 比 freezing 更正式,通常用于极寒天气或比喻性的冷漠。
-
天气或环境:
The Arctic has a frigid climate.(北极气候严寒。)
The laboratory was kept frigid to preserve samples.(实验室保持极低温以保存样本。) -
情感或态度:
Her frigid demeanor made conversation difficult.(她冷淡的态度让谈话难以进行。)
Nippy —— 刺骨的冷
Nippy 是非正式用语,形容寒冷刺骨,尤其指风或天气。
- 天气或风:
The wind is quite nippy today.(今天的风刺骨地冷。)
It's getting nippy in the evenings now.(现在晚上开始变冷了。)
Bitter —— 苦寒,严寒刺骨
Bitter 强调寒冷带来的不适感,常与风搭配。
- 天气或风:
The bitter wind made it hard to walk.(刺骨的寒风让人难以行走。)
A bitter cold swept through the city.(一股严寒席卷了城市。)
Icy —— 冰冷的,结冰的
Icy 描述温度极低,表面结冰,或比喻态度冰冷。
-
物体或天气:
The roads are icy after the snowstorm.(暴雪后路面结冰了。)
Her fingers were icy from the cold.(她的手指冻得冰凉。) -
态度或眼神:
He gave her an icy glare.(他冷冷地瞪了她一眼。)
Wintry —— 冬天的,寒冷的
Wintry 形容类似冬天的寒冷,常用于天气或景色。
- 天气或环境:
The wintry wind blew through the streets.(冬天的寒风吹过街道。)
The landscape looked wintry and bleak.(景色看起来寒冷而荒凉。)
Raw —— 湿冷,阴冷
Raw 强调潮湿带来的寒冷,让人感觉更难受。
- 天气或环境:
The raw air made the cold feel worse.(潮湿的空气让寒冷更难受。)
A raw wind blew in from the sea.(一阵阴冷的风从海上吹来。)
如何选择合适的词?
- 日常寒冷:用 cold 或 chilly。
- 极寒天气:用 freezing、frigid 或 bitter。
- 舒适凉爽:用 cool。
- 刺骨寒风:用 nippy 或 raw。
- 结冰状态:用 icy 或 frozen。
- 比喻冷漠:用 cold、frigid 或 icy。
英语中关于“冷”的表达丰富多样,选择合适的词汇能让语言更生动准确,下次描述寒冷时,试试这些词,看看哪种最贴切。