在英语学习中,掌握动词的用法至关重要,finish作为一个常用动词,表示"完成"或"结束",其后通常接动名词(-ing形式)或名词作宾语,许多英语动词与finish具有相似的用法模式,了解这些动词能帮助我们更准确地表达动作的完成或持续状态。
接动名词的常见动词
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Enjoy(享受)
- 例句:She enjoys reading novels in her free time.
- 解析:enjoy表示"享受做某事",必须接动名词,不能接不定式。
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Avoid(避免)
- 例句:He avoids eating junk food to stay healthy.
- 解析:avoid强调"避免某种行为",后接动名词表示避免的具体动作。
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Consider(考虑)
- 例句:They are considering moving to a new city.
- 解析:consider表示"考虑做某事",动名词体现思考的具体内容。
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Practice(练习)
- 例句:You need to practice speaking English daily.
- 解析:practice指"反复练习某一技能",动名词表示练习的具体行为。
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Mind(介意)
- 例句:Would you mind closing the window?
- 解析:mind用于询问是否介意某事,动名词体现具体请求。
可接动名词或不定式但含义不同的动词
部分动词既可接动名词也可接不定式,但意义有差别:
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Remember(记得)
- 接动名词:记得已做过的事(过去)
例句:I remember meeting him last year.
- 接不定式:记得要做的事(
例句:Remember to lock the door when you leave.
- 接动名词:记得已做过的事(过去)
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Stop(停止)
- 接动名词:停止正在做的事
例句:He stopped smoking for health reasons.
- 接不定式:停下当前动作去做另一件事
例句:She stopped to check her phone.
- 接动名词:停止正在做的事
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Try(尝试)
- 接动名词:尝试某种方法
例句:Try adding some salt to improve the taste.
- 接不定式:努力做某事(可能困难)
例句:He tried to lift the heavy box but failed.
- 接动名词:尝试某种方法
其他与finish用法相似的动词
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Complete(完成)
- 例句:She completed writing her thesis last month.
- 比较:complete更正式,常用于正式任务或项目的完成。
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Quit(放弃)
- 例句:He quit playing video games to focus on studies.
- 注意:quit后直接接动名词,不加介词。
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Delay(延迟)
- 例句:They delayed announcing the results.
- 用法:delay+动名词表示推迟某个具体行动。
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Suggest(建议)
- 例句:The doctor suggested taking more vitamins.
- 要点:suggest后必须接动名词,不能接不定式。
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Admit(承认)
- 例句:He admitted making a mistake.
- 特点:admit+动名词表示承认已发生的行为。
特殊用法注意事项
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介词后的动词必须用-ing形式
- 例句:She is interested in learning French.
- 规则:介词(如in, on, at等)后的动词必须变为动名词。
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某些短语动词也接动名词
- Look forward to(期待):I look forward to hearing from you.
- Be used to(习惯于):He is used to working late.
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动名词的被动形式
- 结构:being + 过去分词
- 例句:He avoided being seen by his boss.
常见错误与纠正
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错误:I enjoy to swim.
正确:I enjoy swimming. -
错误:She suggested to go early.
正确:She suggested going early. -
错误:He quit to smoke.
正确:He quit smoking. -
错误:They delayed to make a decision.
正确:They delayed making a decision.
掌握这些动词的用法规律,能显著提高英语表达的准确性,建议通过大量阅读和造句练习来巩固这些知识点,在实际运用中培养语感,对于英语学习者来说,理解动词的搭配模式比死记硬背单个词汇更重要,这种结构化学习方式能带来更持久的效果。