雅思写作Task 1中的流程图题型常让考生感到棘手，尤其是如何用准确的词汇和短语描述步骤、趋势和变化，掌握一套系统的流程图词组不仅能提升文章的逻辑性，还能帮助考生在词汇多样性（Lexical Resource）和连贯性（Coherence & Cohesion）两项评分标准中拿到高分，本文将整理高频流程图词组，并提供实用例句，帮助考生高效备考。
流程图核心结构词组
流程图的核心是清晰呈现步骤顺序和逻辑关系，以下词组按功能分类：
起始阶段
- The process begins with...（流程始于……）
- Initially/First and foremost...（最初/…）
- At the first stage...（在第一个阶段……）
例句：The process begins with the collection of raw materials, such as clay and water.
中间步骤
- Subsequently/After that...（随后……）
- The next step involves...（下一步涉及……）
- Once X is completed, Y occurs...（X完成后，Y发生……）
例句：Once the clay is mixed, it is shaped into bricks using a mold.
并列或同步步骤
- Meanwhile/At the same time...（…）
- In parallel...（并行地……）
- While X is happening, Y is carried out...（当X发生时，Y被执行……）
例句：While the bricks are drying, workers prepare the kiln for firing.
循环或重复步骤
- The cycle repeats until...（循环重复直至……）
- This step is iterated...（此步骤被重复……）
- Feedback is returned to...（反馈返回到……）
例句：The quality check step is iterated until all products meet the standard.
描述变化的精准表达
流程图常涉及形态、位置或状态的改变，需避免重复使用"change"这类笼统词汇：
物理变化
- X is transformed into Y...（X被转化为Y）
- X is converted to Y by...（X通过……转变为Y）
- X undergoes a chemical reaction to become Y...（X经历化学反应成为Y）
例句：The liquid mixture undergoes evaporation to become a solid powder.
移动或传递
- X is transported to...（X被运输到……）
- X is delivered via...（X通过……被输送）
- X flows into...（X流入……）
例句：The purified water is delivered via pipes to residential areas.
组合或分离
- X is combined with Y...（X与Y结合）
- X is separated into Y and Z...（X被分离为Y和Z）
- X is broken down into...（X被分解为……）
例句：The raw ore is crushed and separated into metal and waste materials.
逻辑衔接与过渡技巧
高分流程图作文需体现清晰的逻辑链，避免机械罗列步骤：
因果关系
- As a result...（…）
- Consequently...（因而……）
- This leads to...（这导致……）
例句：The temperature is raised to 200°C; consequently, the material hardens.
条件关系
- Provided that...（只要……）
- Only when X does Y happen...（只有当X时，Y才发生……）
例句：Only when the mixture cools can it be packaged.
对比关系
- In contrast...（相比之下……）
- Whereas X requires..., Y needs...（X需要……，而Y需要……）
例句：Whereas natural drying takes 48 hours, machine drying completes in 2 hours.
避免常见错误
- 时态混淆：流程图通常用一般现在时被动语态（如is heated, are collected），除非描述历史流程。
- 主次不分：不必详述每个细节，突出关键步骤（如过滤、加热）即可。
- 词汇重复：多备同义词，transfer"可替换为"convey", "deliver"。
实战应用范例
以下是一个关于「再生纸制造」的流程图片段示范：
The recycling process begins with the collection of waste paper, which is then sorted to remove contaminants. Subsequently, the paper is shredded and mixed with water to form a pulp. Meanwhile, chemicals are added to dissolve ink residues. Once the pulp is cleaned, it is pressed into thin sheets and dried. Finally, the recycled paper is rolled and packaged for distribution.
通过灵活运用上述词组，考生能轻松构建出逻辑严密、词汇丰富的流程图描述。
雅思写作的高分秘诀在于精准性与多样性，建议考生分类记忆这些词组，并在练习中刻意使用,逐步形成自然的表达习惯。
