核心家庭成员
直系亲属(Immediate Family)
- Parents(父母):father(父亲)、mother(母亲)
- Children(子女):son(儿子)、daughter(女儿)
- Siblings(兄弟姐妹):brother(兄弟)、sister(姐妹)
扩展家庭成员(Extended Family)
- Grandparents(祖父母):grandfather(祖父)、grandmother(祖母)
- Grandchildren(孙辈):grandson(孙子)、granddaughter(孙女)
- Uncles & Aunts(叔伯姑姨):uncle(叔叔/舅舅)、aunt(姑姑/阿姨)
- Cousins(堂表兄弟姐妹):cousin(堂/表兄弟姐妹,不分性别)
配偶与伴侣(Spouses & Partners)
- Husband(丈夫)
- Wife(妻子)
- Partner(伴侣,适用于婚姻或长期关系)
家庭关系描述
婚姻关系(Marital Relationships)
- Married(已婚):They have been married for 10 years.(他们结婚十年了。)
- Engaged(订婚):She is engaged to her boyfriend.(她和男友订婚了。)
- Divorced(离婚):He got divorced last year.(他去年离婚了。)
- Widowed(丧偶):She has been widowed since 2015.(她自2015年起丧偶。)
血缘与收养关系(Biological & Adoptive Relationships)
- Biological child(亲生子女):They have two biological children.(他们有两个亲生孩子。)
- Adopted child(养子女):They adopted a child from China.(他们从中国收养了一个孩子。)
- Stepfamily(继亲家庭):stepfather(继父)、stepmother(继母)、stepbrother(继兄弟)、stepsister(继姐妹)
姻亲关系(In-Laws)
- Father-in-law(岳父/公公)
- Mother-in-law(岳母/婆婆)
- Brother-in-law(姐夫/妹夫/小叔子)
- Sister-in-law(嫂子/弟媳/小姑子)
家庭生活常用词汇
家庭活动(Family Activities)
- Reunion(团聚):family reunion(家庭聚会)
- Dinner(晚餐):family dinner(家庭晚餐)
- Vacation(度假):family vacation(家庭旅行)
- Game night(游戏之夜):We have a family game night every Friday.(我们每周五有家庭游戏之夜。)
家居环境(Household)
- Home(家):They bought a new home.(他们买了一栋新房子。)
- Living room(客厅)
- Kitchen(厨房)
- Bedroom(卧室)
- Garden(花园):They grow vegetables in their garden.(他们在花园里种蔬菜。)
家庭责任(Family Responsibilities)
- Chores(家务):doing chores(做家务)
- Childcare(育儿):She takes care of childcare.(她负责育儿。)
- Financial support(经济支持):He provides financial support for the family.(他为家庭提供经济支持。)
文化差异中的家庭词汇
不同文化对家庭的称呼有所不同,
- 中文的“堂兄弟”和“表兄弟”:英语统称为cousin,需通过上下文区分。
- Godfamily(教亲家庭):godfather(教父)、godmother(教母),常见于基督教文化。
- Foster family(寄养家庭):The child lives with a foster family.(这个孩子住在寄养家庭。)
实用例句
-
描述家庭结构:
- "My immediate family includes my parents, my younger sister, and me."(我的直系亲属包括父母、妹妹和我。)
- "My extended family is quite large, with many aunts, uncles, and cousins."(我的大家庭很大,有很多叔叔阿姨和堂表兄弟姐妹。)
-
谈论家庭活动:
- "We enjoy family dinners every Sunday."(我们每周日享受家庭晚餐。)
- "Our family reunion is always fun."(我们的家庭聚会总是很有趣。)
-
表达家庭关系:
- "She is not only my sister but also my best friend."(她不仅是我的姐姐,还是我最好的朋友。)
- "My father-in-law is very kind."(我的岳父非常和蔼。)