在雅思写作考试中，趋势图（如线图、柱状图、表格等）是Task 1常见的题型之一，许多考生在面对数据变化时容易陷入描述混乱、逻辑不清的困境，本文提供一篇高分范文，并解析其写作技巧，帮助考生掌握趋势图的核心写作方法。
高分范文示例
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The graph below shows the number of international students enrolled in universities in the UK, USA, and Australia between 2000 and 2020.
范文：
The line graph illustrates the changes in the number of overseas students studying in higher education institutions across three English-speaking countries over a 20-year period, from 2000 to 2020.
Overall, all three nations experienced an upward trend in international student enrollments, with the USA consistently leading in numbers. The UK and Australia showed similar growth patterns, though the former had a more pronounced increase in the latter half of the period.
In 2000, the USA had the highest number of international students, at approximately 450,000, while the UK and Australia recorded around 200,000 and 150,000 respectively. Over the next decade, the figures for all three countries rose steadily. By 2010, the USA’s enrollment had reached nearly 700,000, whereas the UK and Australia saw their numbers climb to 350,000 and 300,000.
The most significant growth occurred between 2010 and 2020. The USA maintained its dominance, with student numbers peaking at just over 1 million in 2020. Meanwhile, the UK witnessed a sharp rise, surpassing Australia by 2015 and ending the period at around 600,000. Australia’s growth, though steady, was more moderate, finishing at approximately 500,000.
Despite fluctuations, the gap between the USA and the other two countries widened over time. This suggests that the USA remained the most preferred destination for international students throughout the two decades.
写作技巧解析
开篇明确图表类型与主题
高分趋势图作文的第一段必须清晰说明图表类型（线图、柱状图等）、数据主题（国际学生数量）以及时间范围（2000-2020），避免直接复制题目，而是用同义替换和句式变化呈现。
概述段提炼核心趋势
第二段为“Overall”段落，需总结图表最显著的特征，本文抓住三个关键点：
- 整体上升趋势
- 美国始终领先
- 英国后期增长更快
避免列举具体数据，而是用“upward trend”“consistently leading”等概括性语言。
分段描述数据变化
主体段落按时间或类别分组描述，本文采用“先分阶段，再对比国家”的结构：
- 第一阶段（2000-2010）：三国稳步增长
- 第二阶段（2010-2020）：美国持续领先，英国增速加快
注意使用衔接词（while, whereas, meanwhile）体现逻辑关系，并搭配准确的数据支撑（如“peaking at just over 1 million”）。
词汇与语法的多样性
高分作文需避免重复用词，本文灵活运用以下表达：
- 上升趋势：rise steadily, sharp rise, climb, grow
- 数据对比：surpass, widen the gap, maintain dominance
- 程度修饰：moderate, pronounced, significant
混合使用简单句与复杂句（如“Despite fluctuations…”），展现语法掌控力。
结尾段避免主观推测
雅思趋势图写作只需客观描述，无需分析原因，本文最后一句用“This suggests…”自然收尾，不引入题目外的信息。
常见错误与改进建议
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数据描述不精准
- 错误：The students in the UK increased a lot.
- 改进：The number of international students in the UK rose sharply from 350,000 in 2010 to 600,000 in 2020.
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时态混乱
- 错误：In 2000, the USA has the highest number.
- 改进：In 2000, the USA had the highest number.
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过度关注细节
- 错误：描述每年微小的波动
- 改进：聚焦关键节点（如起点、终点、峰值）和整体趋势
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缺乏对比
- 错误：单独描述每个国家的数据
- 改进：使用compared to, in contrast等词组突出差异
个人观点
雅思趋势图写作的核心在于“清晰”与“逻辑”，考生应优先训练快速提炼关键信息的能力，而非追求复杂词汇，建议每天分析一篇官方范文，拆解其段落结构与衔接技巧,逐步培养数据描述的敏感度。
