在雅思考试的小作文部分，抱怨信（Letter of Complaint）是常见题型之一，这类信件要求考生针对某一问题表达不满，并提出合理诉求，要想在这类写作中拿到高分，不仅需要清晰的逻辑和得体的语言，还要符合正式信函的格式和语气。
抱怨信的基本结构
一封完整的抱怨信通常包括以下几个部分：
（1）称呼（Salutation） 提供的收信人信息选择合适的称呼，如果题目中给出具体人名（如“Mr. Smith”），则直接使用；若未提供，可用“Dear Sir/Madam”或“To whom it may concern”。
（2）开头段（Introduction）
简要说明写信目的，直接点出问题所在。
- “I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with…”
- “I regret to inform you that…”
避免冗长，确保第一句话就能让读者明确信件主旨。
（3）主体段落（Body Paragraphs）
详细描述问题，并提供相关细节，通常分为2-3段：
- 问题描述：清晰说明发生了什么，包括时间、地点、涉及的产品或服务。
- 影响说明：解释该问题对你造成的不便或损失。
- 诉求或建议：提出合理的解决方案，比如退款、更换产品或改进服务。
“On June 15th, I purchased a laptop from your store, but upon opening the package, I discovered the screen was cracked. This has caused significant inconvenience as I needed the device for an urgent work project. I would appreciate it if you could arrange for a replacement or a full refund.”
（4）结尾段（Closing）
礼貌但坚定地重申诉求，并期待对方回复，常用表达：
- “I trust you will address this matter promptly.”
- “I look forward to your reply and a satisfactory resolution.”
（5）署名（Signature） 要求选择合适的结束语，如“Yours sincerely”（知道收件人姓名）或“Yours faithfully”（不知道姓名），并署名。
高分写作技巧
（1）语气得体
抱怨信的目的是解决问题，而非单纯发泄情绪，语气应保持礼貌但坚定，避免过于情绪化或攻击性语言。
❌ 错误示范：
“Your service is terrible, and I demand an immediate refund!”
✅ 正确示范：
“I was disappointed with the service I received and would like to request a refund.”
（2）提供具体细节
模糊的抱怨难以让人信服，因此务必提供具体信息，如订单号、日期、产品型号等。
“The order (#12345), delivered on May 10th, was missing two items listed on the invoice.”
（3）逻辑清晰
每一段围绕一个核心点展开，避免信息混杂。
- 第一段：问题描述
- 第二段：造成的影响
- 第三段：期望的解决方案
（4）词汇与句式多样化
避免重复使用相同表达，适当运用高级词汇和复杂句式。
- Instead of “bad”: unsatisfactory, unacceptable, substandard
- Instead of “I want”: I would appreciate, I kindly request
常见错误与避免方法
（1）过于冗长或啰嗦
抱怨信应简洁明了，避免无关信息，不必详细描述购买过程的所有细节，只需点出关键问题。
（2）缺乏具体诉求
仅仅抱怨而不提出解决方案，会让信件显得无效，务必明确表达你的期望，如退款、道歉或更换产品。
（3）格式错误
雅思写作对格式有严格要求，包括分段、称呼和署名，忽略格式会直接影响得分。
范文示例
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You recently booked a hotel room online, but upon arrival, you found the room was not as advertised. Write a letter to the hotel manager to complain.
范文：
Dear Mr. Johnson,
I am writing to express my disappointment with the accommodation provided during my stay at your hotel on August 20th. The room I booked through your website (Reservation #7890) was advertised as a “Deluxe Suite with Sea View,” but the actual room faced a construction site and was significantly smaller than depicted.
This discrepancy caused considerable inconvenience, as I had chosen your hotel specifically for the promised sea view, which was essential for my work-related relaxation. Additionally, the noise from the construction site made it difficult to rest.
I kindly request either a partial refund to compensate for the misleading advertisement or an upgrade to a room matching the original description during my next visit. I trust you will take this matter seriously and respond at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
[Your Name]
个人观点
写好抱怨信的关键在于平衡“表达不满”和“保持礼貌”，雅思考官不仅考察语言能力，也看重考生能否在真实场景中有效沟通，练习时不妨多模拟不同情境,确保在考试中游刃有余。
