在英语写作中,强调句是一种非常实用的句型,能够突出句子中的关键信息,使表达更具力度和层次感,无论是学术写作、考试作文,还是日常交流,掌握强调句的用法都能让文章更生动、更具说服力,本文将详细介绍强调句的结构、常见形式以及如何在作文中灵活运用。
什么是强调句
强调句(Emphatic Sentence)是一种通过调整句子结构或使用特定词汇来突出某一部分内容的表达方式,它的核心作用是让读者或听者注意到作者想要重点表达的信息,英语中常见的强调手段包括:
- It is/was...that/who... 结构
- 倒装句
- 助动词do/does/did加强语气
- 副词或短语强化语气(如really, indeed, absolutely等)
强调句的基本结构
It is/was...that/who...
这是最典型的强调句型,用于强调主语、宾语或状语,其结构为:
It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子剩余部分
例句:
- 原句: Tom broke the window yesterday.
- 强调主语: It was Tom who broke the window yesterday.(强调是Tom打破了窗户)
- 强调宾语: It was the window that Tom broke yesterday.(强调打破的是窗户)
- 强调时间状语: It was yesterday that Tom broke the window.(强调事情发生在昨天)
注意事项:
- 强调人时可用who或that,强调物或时间、地点等只能用that。
- 时态要与原句一致,如果原句是过去时,强调句用was;如果是现在或将来时,用is。
倒装句
倒装句通过改变正常语序来达到强调效果,常见的有:
-
Only + 状语 + 倒装
- 原句: You can understand the importance of this issue after reading the report.
- 强调句: Only after reading the report can you understand the importance of this issue.
-
否定词开头 + 倒装(如never, hardly, seldom等)
- 原句: I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.
- 强调句: Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.
助动词do/does/did加强语气
在肯定句中,用do/does/did可以加强动词的语气,表示“确实”“的确”。
- 原句: She loves reading novels.
- 强调句: She does love reading novels.(强调她确实喜欢读小说)
副词或短语强化语气
某些副词或短语可以增强句子的情感色彩,如:
- really, indeed, absolutely, certainly
This is really an amazing achievement.
- at all, in the world, on earth(常用于疑问句或否定句)
What on earth are you talking about?
强调句在作文中的应用
突出论点
在议论文中,强调句可以帮助作者明确表达核心观点,增强说服力。
例子:
- 普通表达: Education plays a crucial role in personal development.
- 强调句: It is education that plays a crucial role in personal development.
增强情感表达
在记叙文或描写文中,强调句可以渲染氛围,使描写更加生动。
例子:
- 普通表达: The storm destroyed the village.
- 强调句: It was the storm that completely destroyed the village.
对比与转折
强调句可以用于对比两个不同的情况,突出差异。
例子:
- 普通表达: Many people think money brings happiness, but true happiness comes from inner peace.
- 强调句: Many people think it is money that brings happiness, but it is inner peace that truly matters.
考试作文中的运用
在雅思、托福、高考等英语写作考试中,合理使用强调句可以提升语言表达的多样性,增加得分点。
高分例句:
- 普通表达: Technology has changed our lives.
- 强调句: It is technology that has profoundly changed our lives.
常见错误与纠正
-
误用that/who
- 错误:It was the teacher that taught us English.(人应用who)
- 正确:It was the teacher who taught us English.
-
时态不一致
- 错误:It is yesterday that I met him.(时间状语是过去,应用was)
- 正确:It was yesterday that I met him.
-
过度使用强调句
强调句虽好,但不宜滥用,否则会显得刻意,一篇文章中2-3次即可。
个人观点
强调句是英语写作中的一把利器,用得好能让文章锦上添花,但真正优秀的写作不在于堆砌复杂句型,而在于自然流畅地表达思想,建议在平时练习中多模仿经典例句,培养语感,最终达到信手拈来的境界。