雅思考试中,词汇量直接影响阅读、写作、听力和口语四项成绩,许多考生在备考时花费大量时间记忆单词,却因忽略常见易错词而失分,本文整理高频易错单词,帮助考生精准掌握用法,避免低级错误。
拼写易混淆单词
英语中存在大量拼写相近但含义完全不同的单词,考生稍不注意就会用错。
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Affect vs. Effect
- Affect(动词):影响
Example: The weather can affect your mood. - Effect(名词):效果
Example: The new policy had a positive effect on the economy.
- Affect(动词):影响
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Complement vs. Compliment
- Complement(动词/名词):补充,配套
Example: The wine complements the cheese perfectly. - Compliment(动词/名词):称赞
Example: She received a compliment on her presentation.
- Complement(动词/名词):补充,配套
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Principal vs. Principle
- Principal(名词):校长;(形容词)主要的
Example: The principal reason for the delay was bad weather. - Principle(名词):原则
Example: He refused to compromise his principles.
- Principal(名词):校长;(形容词)主要的
发音相似但意义不同的单词
听力考试中,发音相近的单词容易导致误解。
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Desert vs. Dessert
- Desert(名词):沙漠;(动词)抛弃
Example: The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. - Dessert(名词):甜点
Example: I always save room for dessert.
- Desert(名词):沙漠;(动词)抛弃
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Stationary vs. Stationery
- Stationary(形容词):静止的
Example: The car remained stationary at the traffic light. - Stationery(名词):文具
Example: She bought new stationery for school.
- Stationary(形容词):静止的
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Bear vs. Bare
- Bear(动词):忍受;(名词)熊
Example: I can’t bear the noise any longer. - Bare(形容词):裸露的
Example: The trees were bare in winter.
- Bear(动词):忍受;(名词)熊
词性易错单词
部分单词在不同词性下含义不同,考生需注意区分。
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Record
- 名词:记录
Example: She broke the world record. - 动词:录制
Example: The band recorded a new album.
- 名词:记录
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Present
- 名词:礼物;现在
Example: He gave her a birthday present. - 动词:呈现
Example: The speaker will present his findings tomorrow.
- 名词:礼物;现在
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Object
- 名词:物体
Example: The object was found in the river. - 动词:反对
Example: Many people objected to the new law.
- 名词:物体
常见误用单词
部分单词因中文思维影响,常被错误使用。
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Economic vs. Economical
- Economic(形容词):经济的(与经济体系相关)
Example: The government introduced new economic policies. - Economical(形容词):节省的
Example: This car is very economical on fuel.
- Economic(形容词):经济的(与经济体系相关)
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Historic vs. Historical
- Historic(形容词):具有历史意义的
Example: The signing of the treaty was a historic moment. - Historical(形容词):历史的(与历史相关)
Example: The book provides a historical account of the war.
- Historic(形容词):具有历史意义的
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Lose vs. Loose
- Lose(动词):丢失
Example: Don’t lose your keys again. - Loose(形容词):松的
Example: The screw is loose and needs tightening.
- Lose(动词):丢失
学术写作易错单词
雅思写作要求正式表达,部分单词需谨慎使用。
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Big vs. Significant
- Big(口语化):大的
Example: The company made a big profit.(不推荐) - Significant(正式):显著的
Example: The company achieved significant profits.(推荐)
- Big(口语化):大的
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Get vs. Obtain
- Get(口语化):得到
Example: I got the information online.(不推荐) - Obtain(正式):获得
Example: The data was obtained from official sources.(推荐)
- Get(口语化):得到
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Good vs. Beneficial
- Good(口语化):好的
Example: Exercise is good for health.(不推荐) - Beneficial(正式):有益的
Example: Regular exercise is beneficial to health.(推荐)
- Good(口语化):好的
听力常见易错单词
听力部分常考察同音词或近音词,考生需提高辨音能力。
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Right vs. Write
- Right(形容词):正确的;(名词)权利
Example: You have the right to remain silent. - Write(动词):写
Example: Please write your name here.
- Right(形容词):正确的;(名词)权利
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Sea vs. See
- Sea(名词):海洋
Example: The ship sailed across the sea. - See(动词):看见
Example: Can you see the mountains from here?
- Sea(名词):海洋
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Their vs. There vs. They’re
- Their(代词):他们的
Example: Their house is nearby. - There(副词):那里
Example: The book is over there. - They’re(缩写):他们是
Example: They’re coming to the party.
- Their(代词):他们的
口语易错单词
口语考试中,发音和用词不当会影响流利度评分。
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Quiet vs. Quite
- Quiet(形容词):安静的
Example: The library is very quiet. - Quite(副词):相当
Example: The movie was quite interesting.
- Quiet(形容词):安静的
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Accept vs. Except
- Accept(动词):接受
Example: She accepted the job offer. - Except(介词):除了
Example: Everyone was invited except John.
- Accept(动词):接受
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Advice vs. Advice
- Advice(名词):建议(不可数)
Example: She gave me some useful advice. - Advise(动词):建议
Example: The doctor advised me to rest.
- Advice(名词):建议(不可数)
雅思词汇掌握不仅依赖记忆,更需理解单词的精准用法,建议考生在练习时结合语境,避免死记硬背,通过反复使用和纠错,逐步提升词汇准确度,从而在考试中减少不必要的失分。