雅思写作考试中，小作文（Task 1）占据重要分数，而精准的词汇和短语运用能帮助考生高效表达数据趋势、比较差异和描述流程，掌握以下核心短语，不仅能提升语言丰富度，还能增强逻辑连贯性，让考官更容易理解你的分析。
数据趋势描述
上升趋势
- Increase/rise/grow/climb（上升）
- The number of visitors increased steadily from 2000 to 2010.
- Surge/soar/jump（急剧上升）
- Sales surged in the third quarter.
- Peak at（达到峰值）
- The unemployment rate peaked at 12% in 2015.
下降趋势
- Decrease/fall/drop/decline（下降）
- The percentage of smokers declined gradually over the decade.
- Plummet/shrink/dip（急剧下降）
- Oil prices plummeted after the economic crisis.
- Bottom out at（触底）
- House prices bottomed out at £200,000 in 2020.
稳定趋势
- Remain stable/steady（保持稳定）
- The inflation rate remained stable during this period.
- Fluctuate（波动）
- The exchange rate fluctuated between 1.2 and 1.4.
数据比较与对比
最高与最低
- The highest/lowest（最高/最低）
- The UK had the highest proportion of renewable energy usage.
- Outnumber/surpass/exceed（超过）
- Female students outnumbered males in the humanities.
相似与差异
- Similarly/Likewise（类似地）
- Similarly, France experienced a rise in tourism.
- In contrast/On the other hand（相比之下）
- In contrast, Germany saw a decline in manufacturing.
- While/Whereas（而）
- While urban areas grew, rural populations shrank.
流程与图表描述
流程图常用短语
- Consist of/comprise（由……组成）
- The process consists of four main stages.
- Undergo/be transformed into（经历/转化为）
- Raw materials undergo several chemical reactions.
- Subsequently/Following this（随后）
- Following this, the mixture is heated to 100°C.
地图变化表达
- Be replaced by（被取代）
- The old factory was replaced by a shopping mall.
- Expand/extend（扩展）
- The road network expanded significantly by 2020.
- Convert into（改建为）
- The warehouse was converted into residential apartments.
时间与比例表达
时间节点
- Over the period/During the decade（在此期间）
- Over the period, car ownership doubled.
- From…to…/Between…and…（从……到……）
- Between 1990 and 2000, literacy rates improved.
比例与占比
- Account for/make up（占据）
- Renewable energy accounts for 30% of total production.
- A significant/small fraction（大部分/小部分）
- A significant fraction of the budget was allocated to education.
衔接与逻辑连接
开头引入
- The graph/table illustrates（图表展示）
- The graph illustrates changes in energy consumption.
- It is clear that（很明显）
- It is clear that urbanisation accelerated after 1980.
过渡衔接
- Moreover/Furthermore（
- Moreover, the trend continued into the next decade.
- However/Despite this（
- Despite this, some regions showed no improvement.
避免重复的技巧
使用同义词替换，
- Increase → Rise, Grow, Climb
- Decrease → Fall, Drop, Decline
- Show → Demonstrate, Reveal, Indicate
高分句型示例
- The most striking feature is…（最显著的特点是……）
- The most striking feature is the sharp rise in online sales.
- A closer look reveals…（仔细观察可以发现……）
- A closer look reveals regional disparities in healthcare access.
常见错误与修正
-
错误：The number of people increased up.
-
修正：The number of people increased sharply.
-
错误：The chart shows about the changes.
-
修正：The chart shows changes in population.
实战应用建议
- 分类记忆：按趋势、比较、流程等分类整理短语。
- 限时练习：用20分钟模拟考试，强制使用高级短语。
- 范文分析：研究高分范文，标注短语使用方式。
雅思小作文的核心在于清晰、准确、高效地传递信息，熟练运用这些短语，结合逻辑结构，能显著提升Task 1的得分，坚持练习，逐步形成自己的表达风格,考试时自然游刃有余。
