在托福写作中,词汇的丰富性和准确性直接影响分数,掌握高频词汇不仅能提升表达效率,还能让文章更具学术性和说服力,本文将整理托福写作中的核心词汇,帮助考生在考试中更流畅地表达观点。
论证类词汇
托福写作强调逻辑性,恰当使用论证词汇能让文章结构更清晰。
- 支持观点:advocate, endorse, uphold, reinforce
- 反驳观点:refute, contradict, challenge, dispute
- 强调重点:highlight, underscore, emphasize, accentuate
- 举例说明:illustrate, exemplify, demonstrate, cite
例句:
"Many experts advocate stricter environmental policies to mitigate climate change."
对比与比较词汇
对比分析是托福作文常见题型,以下词汇能帮助考生清晰呈现差异。
- 相似性:similarly, likewise, analogous, parallel
- 差异性:conversely, whereas, in contrast, on the contrary
- 权衡利弊:outweigh, compensate, offset, counterbalance
例句:
"Urban life offers convenience, whereas rural areas provide tranquility."
因果逻辑词汇
托福写作常涉及因果关系,使用精准词汇能让论证更严谨。
- 导致:trigger, provoke, induce, precipitate
- 源于:stem from, derive from, originate from
- 影响:impact, influence, affect, shape
例句:
"Excessive screen time may trigger sleep disorders among teenagers."
衔接与过渡词汇
流畅的过渡能提升文章连贯性,避免逻辑断层。
- 递进关系:furthermore, moreover, additionally, notably
- 转折关系:nevertheless, nonetheless, albeit, notwithstanding
- 总结归纳:in summary, ultimately, collectively, overall
例句:
"Renewable energy is cost-effective; furthermore, it reduces carbon emissions."
学术化表达词汇
托福写作要求正式语体,避免口语化表达。
- 重要:crucial, pivotal, imperative, paramount
- 常见:prevalent, ubiquitous, pervasive, commonplace
- 趋势:tendency, inclination, trajectory, propensity
例句:
"Critical thinking is pivotal in higher education."
高分替换词
避免重复使用简单词汇,以下替换能提升词汇多样性。
- Good:superior, commendable, exemplary, exceptional
- Bad:detrimental, adverse, undesirable, substandard
- Important:significant, consequential, momentous, vital
例句:
"The discovery had a profound impact on scientific research."
实用短语与句型
固定搭配能让表达更地道,以下短语值得掌握。
- It is widely believed that...
- There is no denying that...
- A case in point is...
- This phenomenon can be attributed to...
例句:
"It is widely believed that technology enhances productivity."
避免的常见错误
- 过度使用简单词:如“good”“bad”应替换为更精准的表达。
- 中式英语:避免直译中文思维,如“open the light”应为“turn on the light”。
- 冗长句式:复杂句需确保语法正确,否则宁可使用简洁结构。
练习建议
- 每日积累:整理10个新词并造句。
- 模仿范文:分析高分文章的用词逻辑。
- 限时写作:模拟考试环境,强化词汇运用能力。
托福写作的高分并非依赖生僻词,而在于准确、多样且符合语境的表达,通过系统积累和刻意练习,考生能显著提升词汇运用水平,从而在考试中脱颖而出。