雅思写作考试中，Task 1 要求考生在20分钟内完成一篇至少150词的图表描述，线图（Line Graph）是常见题型之一，掌握高效写作模板能帮助考生快速组织语言，提高分数，本文将提供一套清晰的线图写作框架，结合高分表达和逻辑结构，助力考生轻松应对考试。
线图写作核心结构
雅思线图小作文通常包含四部分：引言（Introduction）、概述（Overview）、细节段1（Detail Paragraph 1）、细节段2（Detail Paragraph 2），遵循这一结构，既能确保逻辑清晰，又能覆盖评分标准中的各项要求。
引言（Introduction） 简要说明图表内容，避免直接照抄题目，常用句型：
- The line graph illustrates/changes in...
- The chart provides information about...
- It compares... over a period of...
示例：
原题：The graph below shows the consumption of three types of fast food in the UK from 1970 to 1990.
改写：The line graph illustrates how the consumption of three fast food categories changed in the UK between 1970 and 1990.
概述（Overview） 是得分关键，需提炼图表最显著趋势，无需具体数据，通常2-3句话，涵盖：
- 整体上升/下降趋势
- 最高值/最低值
- 关键转折点
高分表达：
- Overall, the most noticeable trend was...
- In general, X experienced the most significant growth, while Y remained stable.
- A sharp decline was observed in...
示例：
Overall, hamburgers showed a steady increase throughout the period, whereas fish and chips consumption fluctuated. Pizza remained the least popular option despite a slight rise in the final years.
细节段1（Detail Paragraph 1）
选取2-3个核心数据点，按时间或类别展开描述，注意：
- 使用准确数据（年份、数值）
- 连接趋势词汇（rise, drop, plateau）
- 避免重复句式
趋势词汇替换：
| 上升 | 下降 | 波动 | 稳定 |
|------|------|------|------|
| Increase | Decrease | Fluctuate | Stabilize |
| Grow | Decline | Vary | Level off |
| Surge | Plummet | Oscillate | Remain steady |
示例：
Hamburger sales began at 100 grams per person in 1970, then rose steadily to 300 grams by 1985. In contrast, fish and chips started higher at 500 grams but dropped sharply to 200 grams in 1980 before recovering slightly.
细节段2（Detail Paragraph 2）
补充剩余数据，对比或强调差异，可加入：
- 数据对比（twice as high as...）
- 峰值/谷值（peaked at...）
- 未来预测（若题目包含）
示例：
Pizza consumption remained below 100 grams until 1985, when it doubled to 200 grams by 1990. Despite this growth, it was consistently the least favored option, with figures just one-third of hamburger sales in the final year.
高分技巧
-
时态准确
- 过去时间用一般过去时（sales increased）
- 无时间或未来预测用一般现在时（the data shows）
-
多样化表达
避免重复“increase/decrease”，改用：- 名词形式：a rise of 50%
- 动词短语：climbed gradually
- 形容词：a steady upward trend
-
数据衔接
使用逻辑连接词：- Meanwhile, In contrast, Similarly
- By comparison, Conversely
-
避免主观评价
线图写作仅描述数据，不分析原因或给出建议。
常见错误规避
- 数据遗漏：确保覆盖所有线条，不可忽略任一趋势。
- 过度描述：每个细节段选3-4个关键点即可。
- 单位错误：注意图表单位（grams, thousands, percentage等）。
完整范文示例
The graph shows electricity production from different sources in France between 1980 and 2020.**
Introduction:
The line graph compares how electricity was generated from four sources in France over a 40-year period from 1980 to 2020.
Overview:
Overall, nuclear power became the dominant energy source, while coal and natural gas saw a long-term decline. Hydropower remained relatively stable despite minor fluctuations.
Detail Paragraph 1:
In 1980, coal produced 75% of France’s electricity, but this figure dropped dramatically to 20% by 2000. Natural gas followed a similar pattern, decreasing from 50% to 10% over the same period.
Detail Paragraph 2:
Nuclear energy, which accounted for only 10% initially, surged to 70% by 2000 and maintained this level until 2020. Hydropower fluctuated between 5% and 15%, never exceeding a small share of the total output.
通过模板化结构和精准表达，考生可高效完成线图作文，多练习不同题型，培养快速抓取趋势的能力,写作分数自然提升。
