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Essential English Medical Vocabulary: What Are the Key Terms for Describing Illnesses?

在医疗健康领域,掌握与病情相关的英语单词不仅有助于更好地理解医学信息,还能在紧急情况下准确表达需求,无论是日常交流、就医问诊,还是阅读英文医学资料,这些词汇都至关重要,本文将介绍常见病情相关的英语单词,帮助访客提升医学英语能力。

Essential English Medical Vocabulary: What Are the Key Terms for Describing Illnesses?-图1

常见症状表达

  1. Fever(发烧)

    • 例句:She has a high fever and needs to see a doctor.
    • 相关词汇:temperature(体温)、thermometer(体温计)。
  2. Cough(咳嗽)

    • 例句:His persistent cough might be due to allergies.
    • 相关词汇:dry cough(干咳)、phlegm(痰)。
  3. Headache(头痛)

    • 例句:Stress often causes severe headaches.
    • 相关词汇:migraine(偏头痛)、dizziness(头晕)。
  4. Sore throat(喉咙痛)

    • 例句:Drinking warm tea can soothe a sore throat.
    • 相关词汇:hoarse voice(声音嘶哑)、tonsillitis(扁桃体炎)。
  5. Nausea(恶心)

    • 例句:The patient complained of nausea after taking the medication.
    • 相关词汇:vomit(呕吐)、indigestion(消化不良)。

疾病名称

  1. Flu(流感)

    • 例句:The flu season usually peaks in winter.
    • 相关词汇:influenza(流感病毒)、vaccine(疫苗)。
  2. Diabetes(糖尿病)

    Essential English Medical Vocabulary: What Are the Key Terms for Describing Illnesses?-图2

    • 例句:Regular exercise helps manage diabetes.
    • 相关词汇:blood sugar(血糖)、insulin(胰岛素)。
  3. Hypertension(高血压)

    • 例句:Hypertension increases the risk of heart disease.
    • 相关词汇:blood pressure(血压)、cholesterol(胆固醇)。
  4. Asthma(哮喘)

    • 例句:Asthma attacks can be triggered by pollen.
    • 相关词汇:inhaler(吸入器)、wheezing(喘息)。
  5. Arthritis(关节炎)

    • 例句:Elderly people often suffer from arthritis.
    • 相关词汇:joint pain(关节疼痛)、swelling(肿胀)。

检查与治疗相关词汇

  1. Diagnosis(诊断)

    • 例句:Early diagnosis improves treatment outcomes.
    • 相关词汇:symptom(症状)、test results(检查结果)。
  2. Prescription(处方)

    • 例句:The doctor wrote a prescription for antibiotics.
    • 相关词汇:dosage(剂量)、pharmacy(药房)。
  3. Surgery(手术)

    • 例句:The patient recovered well after the surgery.
    • 相关词汇:anesthesia(麻醉)、stitches(缝线)。
  4. X-ray(X光)

    Essential English Medical Vocabulary: What Are the Key Terms for Describing Illnesses?-图3

    • 例句:An X-ray revealed a fracture in his arm.
    • 相关词汇:scan(扫描)、MRI(核磁共振)。
  5. Rehabilitation(康复)

    • 例句:Physical therapy is crucial for rehabilitation.
    • 相关词汇:recovery(恢复)、exercise therapy(运动疗法)。

描述病情严重程度

  1. Mild(轻微)

    • 例句:The infection is mild and should clear up soon.
  2. Moderate(中度)

    • 例句:He has moderate pain in his lower back.
  3. Severe(严重)

    • 例句:Severe dehydration requires immediate treatment.
  4. Chronic(慢性)

    • 例句:Chronic conditions require long-term management.
  5. Acute(急性)

    • 例句:Acute appendicitis often requires surgery.

实用就医对话

  1. 描述症状

    Essential English Medical Vocabulary: What Are the Key Terms for Describing Illnesses?-图4

    • I have been experiencing fatigue and muscle aches.(我一直感到疲劳和肌肉酸痛。)
  2. 询问医生建议

    • What treatment do you recommend for this condition?(您建议如何治疗这种情况?)
  3. 询问药物副作用

    • Are there any side effects of this medication?(这种药物有副作用吗?)
  4. 预约检查

    • I need to schedule a blood test.(我需要预约验血。)
  5. 紧急情况表达

    • Call an ambulance! He’s having trouble breathing!(叫救护车!他呼吸困难!)

医学英语的学习需要长期积累,但掌握这些基础词汇能极大提升沟通效率,建议结合实际场景练习,如模拟就医对话或阅读英文健康资讯,以加深记忆。

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