在雅思写作考试中，原因类作文是常见题型之一，这类题目通常要求考生分析某一现象或问题的成因，并展开讨论，想要在考试中拿到高分，不仅需要清晰的逻辑结构，还需要准确的词汇和充实的论据，本文将通过一篇高分范文，详细解析原因类作文的写作技巧。
题目示例
Some people believe that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has a negative effect on young people’s reading and writing skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
范文解析
引言段（Introduction）
开头段需要明确表达观点，并简要概述原因。
In the digital age, computers and smartphones have become essential tools for communication. While these devices offer convenience, some argue that their overuse harms young people’s literacy skills. I strongly agree with this view, as excessive reliance on technology reduces opportunities for traditional reading and writing practice.
解析：
- 直接回应题目，表明立场（同意/不同意）。
- 简要概括原因，为下文铺垫。
主体段1（First Body Paragraph）
第一个原因可以围绕“减少传统读写练习”展开：
The primary reason is that digital communication encourages informal language. Social media platforms and messaging apps promote abbreviations, emojis, and slang, which differ from formal writing standards. For example, phrases like “LOL” or “BRB” replace proper sentences, leading to a decline in grammatical accuracy. Additionally, autocorrect features allow users to rely on technology rather than improving their spelling, further weakening writing skills.
解析：
- 提出核心原因：非正式语言影响写作规范。
- 举例说明（缩写、表情符号）。
- 补充论据（自动纠错功能降低拼写能力）。
主体段2（Second Body Paragraph）
第二个原因可以讨论“阅读习惯的改变”：
Another significant factor is the shift in reading habits. Young people now prefer short-form content, such as social media posts or video captions, over books or long articles. This trend reduces exposure to complex sentence structures and rich vocabulary, which are crucial for developing advanced literacy. Studies show that students who read physical books perform better in writing tasks than those who primarily consume digital content.
解析：
- 论证阅读方式的变化如何影响写作能力。
- 引用研究数据增强说服力。
主体段3（Third Body Paragraph）
第三个原因可以探讨“注意力分散的影响”：
Moreover, constant notifications and multitasking hinder deep reading. Unlike traditional books, digital devices bombard users with distractions, making it difficult to focus on lengthy texts. As a result, young people struggle to engage with challenging material, limiting their ability to analyze and articulate ideas effectively.
解析：
- 分析科技使用如何降低专注力。
- 对比传统阅读和数字阅读的差异。
结论段（Conclusion）
结尾重申观点，但避免简单重复：
While technology enhances communication efficiency, its overuse undoubtedly undermines literacy development. Schools and parents should encourage balanced use of digital tools alongside traditional reading and writing exercises to mitigate these negative effects.
写作技巧总结
- 逻辑清晰：每个段落围绕一个核心原因展开，避免混杂论点。
- 论据具体：使用例子、数据或研究支持观点。
- 词汇多样：避免重复表达，灵活运用同义词（如“decline”替换“weaken”）。
- 句式变化：结合简单句和复杂句，增强可读性。
高分表达积累
- 替代“think”：argue, believe, maintain, contend
- 表示影响：undermine, deteriorate, impair, hinder
- 强调原因：stem from, arise from, be attributed to
通过这篇范文，考生可以掌握原因类作文的写作框架和技巧，关键在于深入分析问题，并提供有说服力的论据，多加练习，结合真题训练,写作能力自然会稳步提升。
