雅思写作Task 1(小作文)是许多考生容易忽视的部分,但它对总分的影响不容小觑,想要稳定拿到6分,必须掌握数据描述的基本逻辑和表达方式,本文提供一篇符合6分标准的范文,并分析其得分点,帮助考生提升写作水平。
动态柱状图(1990-2010年某国能源消耗变化)
描述**:
The chart below shows the changes in energy consumption (coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear, and renewables) in a country from 1990 to 2010. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
范文(Band 6标准):
The bar chart illustrates how energy consumption patterns shifted in a particular nation over two decades, from 1990 to 2010. Overall, fossil fuels remained dominant, but renewables and nuclear energy saw noticeable growth.
In 1990, coal was the primary energy source, accounting for 40% of total usage. Oil followed at 35%, while natural gas contributed 15%. Nuclear and renewables made up only 5% each. By 2000, coal consumption dropped to 30%, whereas oil rose slightly to 38%. Natural gas remained stable at 16%, but nuclear power doubled to 10%. Renewables also increased to 8%.
The most significant changes occurred by 2010. Coal use fell further to 25%, and oil declined to 32%. In contrast, natural gas surged to 22%, overtaking coal. Nuclear energy reached 12%, and renewables jumped to 9%, showing steady adoption.
Despite these shifts, fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas) still supplied nearly 80% of energy in 2010, highlighting continued reliance on non-renewable sources.
得分点解析
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清晰的概述(Overview)
第一段结尾的Overall句概括了核心趋势:化石燃料占主导,但清洁能源增长,这是6分作文的关键,考官会优先检查是否有明确的概述。 -
数据选取合理
范文没有描述所有数据,而是聚焦关键变化:- 煤炭的持续下降
- 石油的先升后降
- 天然气和清洁能源的上升
这种选择性汇报符合题目要求,避免冗长。
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比较与衔接
文中使用对比词汇(whereas, in contrast)和衔接词(by 2010, despite these shifts),使逻辑流畅,6分作文不要求复杂连接词,但需有基本比较。 -
时态与语法准确
全文统一使用过去时(illustrated, dropped, rose),被动语态(was accounted for)和百分比表达正确,小错误(如冠词遗漏)不影响6分,但频繁错误会扣分。
6分与更高分的差距
- 词汇多样性:7分以上会避免重复(如rise可用climb, increase替换),但6分允许适当重复。
- 细节深度:6分只需报告明显趋势,而高分作文可能分析原因(如政策影响)。
- 句型复杂度:6分包含简单句和复合句即可,无需过多分词结构或倒装句。
实用技巧
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20分钟分配建议
- 3分钟:分析图表,圈出关键数据
- 12分钟:写作(先概述,再分段描述)
- 5分钟:检查语法和数据准确性
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避免常见错误
- 勿添加个人观点(如“政府应推广 renewables”)
- 勿遗漏单位(百分比/数量)
- 勿混淆趋势词汇(平稳:remained stable;波动:fluctuated)
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模板句型参考
- 开头:The chart/graph compares… Overall, while X increased, Y decreased significantly.
- 数据:The figure for X rose from…to…
- 对比:In contrast, Y showed the opposite trend.
个人观点
雅思小作文的6分并非高不可攀,关键在于逻辑清晰和数据准确性,许多考生试图用复杂词汇却忽略基本描述,反而失分,建议先掌握稳健的结构,再逐步提升语言丰富度,动态图(如线图、柱图)的核心是时间对比,静态图(如表格、饼图)则侧重数值排序,训练时需区别对待。