雅思写作Task 2的Discussion类题目要求考生分析对立观点并给出个人立场，这类题型出现频率高，但许多考生因结构混乱或论证单薄失分，本文将提供一套经过考官验证的模板框架，结合真题案例解析，帮助考生快速构建逻辑严谨的高分回答。
Discussion题型核心特征
官方评分标准明确要求："回应题目要求、逻辑连贯、论证充分、词汇语法准确"，Discussion题目通常以以下形式出现：
- "Some people believe...while others think... Discuss both views and give your opinion."
- "There are different opinions about... Discuss both sides and state your stance."
常见误区：
- 只讨论单边观点
- 个人观点段落与讨论部分重复
- 使用绝对化表述（如"Everyone knows..."）
四段式黄金结构模板
段落1：引言（Introduction）
公式：背景句+双方观点概述+个人立场声明
例句：
"Technological advancement has reshaped education systems globally. While some argue online learning enhances accessibility, others contend it undermines educational quality. This essay will examine both perspectives before concluding that blended learning offers the optimal solution."
高分技巧：
- 避免直接抄写题目，用同义替换（如"undermine"替代"harm"）
- 使用"This essay"而非"I"体现学术性
段落2：正方观点（View 1）
公式：主题句+2个分论点+例证/数据支撑
真题案例（2023年1月真题）：
"Proponents of remote work emphasize its efficiency benefits. Primarily, eliminating commute times allows employees to dedicate more hours to productive tasks. A 2022 Stanford study revealed a 13% performance increase among telecommuters. Moreover, flexible schedules enable better work-life balance, reducing burnout rates according to Gallup's annual survey."
注意事项：
- 每个分论点用"Firstly/Moreover/Furthermore"衔接
- 数据来源可用"Research/Studies/Statistics"概括，无需精确引用
段落3：反方观点（View 2）
公式：转折词+主题句+对比论证
例句：
"Conversely, traditional office advocates highlight irreplaceable interpersonal elements. Face-to-face collaboration fosters spontaneous creativity, as demonstrated by Silicon Valley's 'open workspace' philosophy. Additionally, physical supervision ensures accountability, particularly for junior staff requiring mentorship."
语言升级：
- 使用"Nevertheless/On the contrary"替代"However"
- 比较级句式："While View 1..., View 2..."
段落4：个人观点（Your Opinion）
公式：立场声明+综合理由+解决方案（可选）
高分范例：
"Having weighed both arguments, hybrid models emerge as the pragmatic choice. Retaining core office days maintains team cohesion, whereas remote options cater to individual productivity peaks. Companies like Unilever have successfully implemented this via '3-2' policies, reporting 22% higher employee satisfaction."
提分关键：
- 避免简单重复前文，提出新视角
- 使用"Balanced/Moderate/Pragmatic"等体现批判性思维
真题实战应用
2024年4月真题：
"Some think governments should fund arts programs, while others believe taxes should only support essential services. Discuss both views and give your opinion."
参考框架：
- ：文化支出争议→艺术价值派VS实用主义派→主张比例分配
- 正方：艺术培养创造力（OECD研究）、促进旅游业（巴黎卢浮宫案例）
- 反方：医疗教育优先（非洲国家对比数据）、艺术市场化可行性（百老汇模式）
- 立场：基础服务为主+艺术配套基金（英国国家彩票基金案例）
语言精准提升方案
学术词汇替换
- Important → Crucial/Significant
- Good → Beneficial/Advantageous
- Bad → Detrimental/Problematic
论证衔接词库
- 补充：Not to mention, Coupled with
- 对比：By contrast, When it comes to
- 强调：Notably, It is worth noting
复杂句构造
"While arts funding undoubtedly enriches societal culture, policymakers must weigh this against pressing needs like healthcare infrastructure, especially in developing economies where resource allocation directly impacts mortality rates."
考官评分重点解析
剑桥雅思官方评分细则显示：
- TR (任务回应)：必须均衡讨论双方，个人观点明确
- CC (连贯衔接)：段落间使用"Having considered.../Turning to..."等过渡
- LR (词汇资源)：避免重复使用"people"，改用"advocates/critics/stakeholders"
- GRA (语法范围)：混合使用条件句、定语从句、插入语
考生常忽略的扣分点：
- 讨论部分超过主体段落的60%
- 使用口语化表达（"Nowadays"开头句已被考官标记为模板化）
- 例证缺乏具体性（应说明"Japanese companies"而非"some companies"）
写作本质上是对思维方式的考核，Discussion题型的高分关键在于展现辩证分析能力——这不仅是雅思的要求，更是海外学术研究的核心技能，掌握本文模板后，建议通过《剑桥雅思真题16-18》进行限时训练，重点观察考官范文如何平衡观点篇幅，写作能力的突破往往发生在针对性修改中,而非简单堆砌练习量。
